Solid-State Batteries Hit the Road
Solid-state batteries are emerging as a pivotal advancement in battery technology, boasting higher energy density and exceptional durability. Mercedes-Benz has recently announced that it is testing the first prototypes of these innovative batteries on the road.
The EQS, although currently facing declining sales figures, serves as a technology demonstrator to showcase the potential of the next generation of batteries. In collaboration with Factorial Energy, Mercedes-Benz has developed a prototype vehicle powered by a solid-state lithium-metal battery. This groundbreaking battery system was created by Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains (HPP) and the Mercedes-Benz Competence Center for Battery Systems, with the EQS chosen as the test vehicle.
A Breakthrough in Battery Technology
Unlike traditional batteries, solid-state batteries utilize a solid electrolyte rather than a liquid one. This shift significantly enhances both safety and energy density when compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries. The incorporation of a lithium metal anode is particularly noteworthy, as it allows for a much greater energy density than standard anode materials. This advancement could enable future electric vehicles to achieve a gravimetric energy density of up to 450 Wh/kg (approximately 204.14 Wh/lb) at the cell level, drastically improving their range.
Practical Testing and Innovations
After extensive testing on various test benches, the solid-state battery prototype was installed in an EQS at the end of 2024. Initial laboratory testing took place in Stuttgart, Germany, with road tests commencing as early as February 2025. Unlike standard vehicle batteries, Mercedes-Benz has implemented a floating cell carrier system. This patented technology allows the battery cells to adjust their volume during charging and discharging, with pneumatic actuators responding to these changes to maintain performance. This innovative approach aims to enhance both the efficiency and lifespan of the battery.
Increased Efficiency and Future Prospects
The solid-state battery tested in the EQS offers up to 25% more range without significantly altering the weight or size of the standard EQS battery. Additionally, energy efficiency is improved through passive cooling of the battery, with early estimates suggesting a range exceeding 1,000 km (approximately 621 miles).
Mercedes-Benz began its partnership with Factorial Energy in 2021 to explore this cutting-edge technology. By the summer of 2024, Factorial provided the first B-samples of lithium-metal solid-state battery cells, marking the initial global delivery of this technology to a major automaker.
A Step Towards the Future of Electromobility
With this prototype, Mercedes-Benz is setting new benchmarks in the realm of electromobility, showcasing that solid-state batteries are not merely a futuristic concept but are already being integrated into practical applications. Extensive testing over the forthcoming months will determine if this technology can be scaled for mass production. If successful, it could revolutionize the automotive industry by significantly enhancing the range and efficiency of electric vehicles.
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