Thermal insulation plays a critical role in preventing thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries by limiting the spread of heat from one cell to another. Here’s how thermal insulation functions in this context:
Role of Thermal Insulation
- Heat Barrier: Thermal insulation acts as a barrier to prevent heat from propagating between cells. Materials like aerogel, mica, and flame-resistant foams can significantly reduce conductive heat transfer, which is essential in densely packed battery modules.
- Cell-to-Cell Isolation: By isolating cells with thermal insulation, the risk of thermal runaway spreading from one cell to another is minimized. This containment ensures that if a thermal runaway occurs, it remains localized and does not escalate into a larger problem.
- Prevention of Flame Spread: Insulation materials can also act as flame barriers, preventing the spread of fire and hot gases between cells. This is crucial for reducing the risk of a battery fire or explosion.
- Enhanced Safety: Proper insulation helps in maintaining structural integrity and reduces the risk of mechanical damage, which can lead to internal short circuits—a primary cause of thermal runaway.
Types of Insulation Materials
- Aerogel: Known for its high thermal insulation properties and used as a firewall in pouch or prismatic packs.
- Mica: Utilized for its thermal and electrical insulation properties to protect against heat and electrical arcing.
- Flame-Resistant Foams: Provide thermal and flame resistance, offering additional safety by preventing burn-through.
In summary, thermal insulation is a vital component in the design of lithium-ion battery packs, as it helps contain and mitigate thermal runaway by limiting heat transfer and preventing the spread of flames or electrical faults.
Original article by NenPower, If reposted, please credit the source: https://nenpower.com/blog/what-role-does-thermal-insulation-play-in-preventing-thermal-runaway/
