The efficiency gain of bifacial solar panels is influenced by several key factors that affect how effectively they capture and convert light from both the front and rear sides into electricity. Here are some of the primary factors:
Factors Influencing Bifacial Solar Panel Efficiency Gain
1. Tilt Angle and Installation Orientation
The tilt angle at which bifacial panels are installed significantly affects their performance. A higher tilt angle exposes the rear side to more reflected sunlight, especially in environments where light is reflected from the ground or surrounding surfaces, thereby boosting efficiency.
2. Bifaciality Rate
This refers to the ratio of the front-side efficiency to the rear-side efficiency of the panel. A higher bifaciality rate means that the rear side can capture more light relative to the front side, with common bifaciality rates ranging from 70% to 95%.
3. Installation Environment
The type of surface beneath the panels affects how much reflected light is captured by the rear side. Light-colored surfaces like sand reflect more light, increasing the efficiency gain, while darker surfaces like asphalt or dirt reflect less, reducing the gain.
4. Mounting System Design
Specialized mounting systems for bifacial panels are designed to minimize shading on the rear side by using narrower support rails and placing vertical supports only at the corners. This ensures maximum energy capture from both sides of the panel.
5. Cell Type and Technology
Different types of solar cells and technologies can have varying bifaciality rates, which influence how effectively each side captures light. Advances in technology can lead to higher bifaciality rates, enhancing overall efficiency.
6. Use with Solar Trackers
When paired with solar trackers, bifacial panels can adjust to follow the sun’s path, further increasing their efficiency by capturing more sunlight throughout the day.
By understanding and optimizing these factors, users can maximize the efficiency gains offered by bifacial solar panels compared to traditional monofacial panels.
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