The most promising materials for solid-state battery anodes include:
- Metallic Lithium: Metallic lithium is highly promising due to its high theoretical capacity and high energy density. However, it poses significant challenges related to safety and interfacial stability with solid electrolytes.
- Carbon Materials: Carbon materials, such as graphite, are widely used in conventional batteries and are being explored for solid-state batteries. They offer a balance between stability and performance but generally have lower energy density compared to lithium metal.
- Silicon Materials: Silicon-based materials have high theoretical capacities (nearly one order of magnitude higher than graphite), making them attractive for improving energy density. However, they face challenges related to volumetric changes during charge/discharge cycles, which can lead to structural degradation.
Each of these materials has its advantages and challenges, and ongoing research focuses on enhancing their performance and stability within solid-state configurations.
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