Long-duration energy storage (LDES) technologies are crucial for supporting renewable energy integration by storing electricity for extended periods, typically over 10 hours. The primary types of LDES technologies include:
1. Mechanical
- Description: Stores potential energy through mechanical means such as tension or position.
- Examples: Pumped hydropower storage (PHS) is a common mechanical LDES technology, where water is pumped from a lower reservoir to an upper reservoir during off-peak periods for later use during peak demand.
2. Thermal
- Description: Stores energy in the form of heat.
- Examples: Molten salt thermal energy storage is used in concentrated solar power (CSP) systems, allowing for power generation long after sunlight is available.
3. Chemical
- Description: Stores energy within chemical bonds.
- Examples: Hydrogen storage involves converting electricity into hydrogen gas, which can later be used in gas turbines, fuel cells, or internal combustion engines for power generation.
4. Electrochemical (Batteries)
- Description: Converts electrical energy into chemical energy and vice versa.
- Examples:
- Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFBs) are noted for their scalability, safety, and environmental benefits, making them suitable for large-scale applications.
- Zinc-Bromine Flow Batteries and Iron-Air Batteries also provide promising solutions with unique advantages.
These technologies help ensure reliable and sustainable power grids by balancing energy supply and demand over long periods.
Original article by NenPower, If reposted, please credit the source: https://nenpower.com/blog/what-are-the-main-technologies-used-for-long-duration-energy-storage/
