Current Solutions to Enhance the Long-term Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells
Perovskite solar cells, despite their high efficiency and potential for low-cost manufacturing, face challenges in terms of stability and long-term performance. Recent research has led to several significant advancements to address these issues:
1. Alumina Nanoparticles for Stability:
- Solution: Embedding alumina nanoparticles (Al₂O₃) into perovskite solar cells has been shown to enhance stability by trapping iodine, which otherwise leaks out and causes material degradation.
- Impact: This method can improve the lifespan of perovskite solar cells by ten times, allowing them to maintain high performance under real-world conditions for more than two months.
2. Rubidium Incorporation with Lattice Strain:
- Challenge: Wide-bandgap perovskites often suffer from phase segregation over time, reducing their performance.
- Solution: Researchers have found that using lattice strain to incorporate rubidium ions into the perovskite structure helps prevent unwanted phase segregation. This not only stabilizes the material but also improves energy efficiency by reducing non-radiative recombination.
3. Use of Bismuth-Based Perovskites:
- Benefits: Bismuth-based perovskites are noted for their stability and low toxicity. However, they currently lag behind in terms of efficiency compared to other types.
- Potential: Developing bismuth-based perovskites could offer a stable alternative, though further research is needed to enhance their efficiency.
4. Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs):
- Role: SAMs are used to enhance electronic homogeneity and efficiency in perovskite solar cells. While they are beneficial for improving performance, research on SAMs may also contribute to stability improvements by optimizing interfaces within the cell.
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