White Paper on New Energy Vehicle Industry Policies and Standards for the First Quarter of 2025

1. National Policy: Strategic Design and Direction
The intensified management of points and the increase in new energy penetration rates are driving traditional automakers to transform. The rising points ratio compels traditional car manufacturers to accelerate their electrification processes, further expanding the market advantages of leading new energy companies such as BYD and Tesla. The protection of hydrogen energy technology is evident as the scoring for fuel cell vehicles remains unchanged, showcasing the national support for the hydrogen energy industry; however, the commercialization of hydrogen technology will still rely on policy support in the short term. Key policy points include setting the new energy vehicle point ratios to 48% and 58% for 2026 and 2027, respectively, with an annual increase of 10 percentage points; the standard score for new energy vehicle models is reduced by 50%, while the score for fuel cell vehicles remains unchanged.

Impact Analysis
Technology export restrictions and supply chain safety are leading to local supply chain development. Limiting technology outflow is accelerating the domestic development of lithium resources (such as lithium extraction from salt lakes and mica) and the self-sufficiency of battery materials, benefiting companies like Ganfeng Lithium and CATL. International cooperation pressures may lead to retaliation in overseas markets, necessitating attention to trade barriers from the EU and the US against China’s new energy vehicle industry (such as carbon tariffs and technology blockades). Key policy points include restrictions on the export of lithium battery cathode materials and lithium extraction technologies.

2. Local Policies: Regional Competition and Differentiated Layouts
The competition in charging infrastructure and innovative operation models aims to establish 1,000 supercharging stations and 2,000 supercharging piles by 2025, all within a service radius of one kilometer. A “3+9” (1200kW) and “2+6” (600kW) supercharging station model has been proposed. In Shenzhen, a pilot program for “separated vehicle and power” insurance is being tested, exploring the interaction between battery swapping stations and the grid (V2G). This shift favors charging operators in first-tier cities (like Teld and Star Charge), while second and third-tier cities depend on financial subsidies, with their profit models still needing validation.

3. Industry Trends and Challenges
The division of technical paths shows that pure electric vehicles are leading, with the 800V high-voltage platform and solid-state batteries (from CATL and Qingtao Energy) becoming mainstream technology directions. Hydrogen energy is seen as a supplement, with breakthroughs in fuel cells for commercial vehicles expected to see a hydrogen vehicle ownership of 50,000 units by 2025. Hybrid vehicles, such as plug-in hybrids (like BYD DM-i and Geely’s Lei Shen), continue to see increased penetration in third and fourth-tier cities.

4. Corporate Strategies and Recommendations
Leading automakers should focus on 800V ultra-fast charging and urban NOA technology. Smaller manufacturers should differentiate by developing micro electric vehicles (like Wuling Hongguang MINI models). In first-tier cities, promoting high-end smart models is crucial, while in lower-tier markets, strengthening channel development (like NIO’s sub-brand “Firefly”) is essential. Attention should be paid to local subsidy details (such as Shenzhen’s “separated vehicle and power” insurance) to seize policy benefits in hydrogen energy and battery swapping pilot projects. Internationally, it is advisable to prioritize markets with relaxed policies, such as ASEAN and the Middle East, to avoid trade risks from the EU and the US.

Conclusion
The main policy direction for 2025 focuses on “technological autonomy, consumer stimulation, infrastructure reinforcement, and smart upgrades.” The new energy vehicle industry is shifting from scale expansion to quality competition. Companies need to balance short-term policy benefits with long-term technological investments while addressing dual challenges of supply chain security and internationalization. Over the next three years, industry concentration is expected to further increase, with companies capable of managing the entire industry chain (such as BYD and CATL) likely to dominate the market landscape.