Thermal energy storage (TES) can significantly reduce CO2 emissions through several mechanisms:
Role of TES in Reducing CO2 Emissions
1. Efficient Use of Renewable Energies
- Addressing Intermittency: TES helps utilize renewable energy sources like wind and solar by storing excess energy generated during periods of low demand. This excess energy can then be used when needed, reducing reliance on fossil fuels for power generation.
- Enhancing Grid Stability: By balancing the supply and demand for energy, TES enables a higher share of variable renewable sources in the energy mix, which decreases the need for fossil-based backup power.
2. Utilization of Waste Heat
- Heat Recovery: TES technologies facilitate the recovery and utilization of waste heat from industrial processes, reducing the amount of energy needed from other sources and minimizing emissions associated with energy production.
- Reducing Industrial Emissions: By using waste heat, industries can lower their greenhouse gas emissions by reducing the need for burning fossil fuels to generate heat.
3. Decarbonization of Industrial Heat
- Replacing Fossil Fuels: TES solutions, such as Rondo Energy’s Heat Battery, convert renewable electricity into high-temperature heat for industrial processes. This replaces fossil fuels used for heating, significantly reducing CO2 emissions.
- Potential Emissions Savings: TES could save over 500 Mt CO2 per year in the EU by decarbonizing industrial heating and cooling processes.
4. Energy Efficiency and System Flexibility
- System Optimization: TES improves energy efficiency by reducing energy losses and ensuring that the available energy is used effectively. This efficiency can lead to lower overall energy consumption and emissions.
- Flexibility in Energy Systems: TES helps stabilize the grid by providing a buffer between supply and demand, which is crucial for integrating more renewable energy sources and ensuring a flexible, low-carbon energy system.
In summary, thermal energy storage plays a critical role in reducing CO2 emissions by optimizing the use of renewable energy, minimizing industrial waste heat, decarbonizing industrial processes, and enhancing overall energy system efficiency and flexibility.
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