Impact of Charger Type on Charging Efficiency at Different States of Charge (SoC)
The type of charger significantly affects the charging efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs), particularly when considering different states of charge (SoC). Here’s a breakdown of how different charger types influence charging efficiency across various SoC levels:
1. Level 1 Chargers
- Efficiency: Generally, Level 1 chargers have an efficiency of around 80%. This means you might receive less energy than what you pay for.
- SoC Impact: While specific studies on the SoC impact for Level 1 chargers are less detailed, the efficiency typically remains consistent across different SoC levels but is inherently lower compared to Level 2 chargers.
2. Level 2 Chargers
- Efficiency: Level 2 chargers have a higher efficiency, often ranging from 83% to more than 90%. Some studies show that increasing the current can improve efficiency up to about 95%.
- SoC Impact: The efficiency of Level 2 chargers is generally consistent across most states of charge but may slightly decrease as the battery approaches full capacity (e.g., above 80% SoC).
3. DC Fast Chargers
- Efficiency: DC Fast Chargers are typically less efficient than Level 2 AC chargers but are designed for speed. Their efficiency varies but is generally lower due to power conversion from AC to DC at the charging station.
- SoC Impact: Charging efficiency with DC Fast Chargers decreases more significantly as the state of charge increases, particularly beyond 80% SoC. This is because the charging rate drops sharply to prevent overheating and damage.
4. Impact of Charging Cables
While the type of charger is crucial, the quality and specifications of charging cables can also affect the efficiency and speed of charging. Properly chosen cables can minimize energy loss and optimize charging times.
Summary
In summary, the type of charger significantly affects charging efficiency, with Level 2 chargers being more efficient across various SoC levels. However, efficiency can decrease as the battery reaches higher states of charge, especially with DC Fast Chargers. Choosing the right charger and cable can optimize energy transfer and reduce waste.
Original article by NenPower, If reposted, please credit the source: https://nenpower.com/blog/how-does-the-type-of-charger-impact-charging-efficiency-at-different-soc-levels/
