Effect of Temperature Range on Lithium Cobalt Oxide Batteries
The lifespan of Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO) batteries is significantly influenced by temperature. Here’s how temperature affects their performance and longevity:
High Temperatures
- Acceleration of Chemical Reactions: Higher temperatures accelerate chemical reactions within the battery, which can lead to faster capacity degradation and a shorter lifespan.
- Thermal Runaway: High temperatures, especially in a fully charged state, increase the risk of thermal runaway, which can cause overheating and potential fires. The thermal runaway threshold for LCO is around 150°C (302°F).
- Capacity Loss: Elevated temperatures, above 30°C (86°F), increase capacity loss over time. For example, storing at 40°C can reduce capacity to about 65% after one year if fully charged.
Low Temperatures
- Performance Reduction: Cold temperatures slow down the transfer rate of lithium ions, reducing battery efficiency and capacity. While lithium-ion batteries do not literally freeze, their performance is significantly impaired in cold conditions.
- Charging Implications: Charging below about 32°F (0°C) can slow down the chemical reactions. It is advisable to avoid charging at these temperatures to prevent damage and maintain battery health.
Optimal Temperature Range
For optimal performance and longevity of LCO batteries:
- Discharge: Batteries can be discharged within a wide temperature range (-4°F to 130°F), though performance may vary.
- Charge: Charging should ideally occur between 32°F and 114°F (0°C to 45.5°C) to prevent damage.
- Storage: Store batteries between 20°F and 95°F (−7°C to 35°C) to minimize degradation.
By maintaining batteries within these recommended temperature ranges, you can help maximize their lifespan and performance.
Original article by NenPower, If reposted, please credit the source: https://nenpower.com/blog/how-does-the-temperature-range-affect-the-lifespan-of-lithium-cobalt-oxide-batteries/
