Vibration frequency significantly influences lithium-ion battery degradation through structural damage and electrochemical interference, though the relationship isn’t strictly linear.
Key Effects by Frequency
- Variable structural responsiveness:
- Tests show 120 Hz causes the largest discharge deviation, while 200 Hz results in the smallest.
- Damage depends on the battery’s structural resonance properties, with certain frequencies amplifying stress on components like electrodes and separators.
- Electrode-electrolyte contact disruption:
Vibration alters the contact area between electrodes and electrolytes, hindering lithium-ion transfer during charging/discharging. This reduces capacity and accelerates performance loss across all tested frequencies. - Frequency-specific acceleration:
- Low frequencies (e.g., maritime/automotive vibrations) induce mechanical stress that promotes electrode separation and separator deformation, leading to localized heating and lithium plating.
- Higher frequencies (e.g., 60–200 Hz in lab tests) can either degrade or minimally affect cells, depending on amplitude and resonance.
Degradation Mechanisms
- Mechanical stress: Continuous vibrations cause cracks, delamination, and misalignment, increasing internal resistance.
- Thermal impacts: Stress-induced heating accelerates aging and raises risks of thermal runaway.
- State of charge (SOC): Degradation correlates with SOC, though exact relationships remain unquantified.
Implications for Design
Solutions include vibration-resistant materials (e.g., reinforced separators) and BMS enhancements (e.g., accelerometer integration) to monitor stress and adjust operating parameters dynamically.
Original article by NenPower, If reposted, please credit the source: https://nenpower.com/blog/how-does-the-frequency-of-vibrations-impact-the-degradation-rate-of-lithium-ion-batteries/
