Solar tracker energy output varies significantly by season due to changes in solar elevation angles, daylight duration, and weather patterns:
Summer Peak Performance
During summer, single-axis trackers benefit from longer daylight hours and a higher sun trajectory, maximizing energy output. However, excessive heat can slightly reduce panel efficiency despite increased irradiance.
Winter Challenges
In winter, shorter days and the sun’s low path cause inefficiencies:
- Row-to-row shading becomes problematic as the low-angle sun casts shadows between tracker rows.
- Reduced alignment with the sun’s azimuth limits energy capture, as single-axis systems cannot fully compensate for seasonal angle changes.
Shoulder Seasons (Spring/Fall)
Output gradually transitions between summer highs and winter lows, with moderate daylight hours and fewer shading risks compared to winter.
Dual-Axis Advantage
Dual-axis trackers adjust both azimuth and elevation, maintaining near-optimal alignment year-round, but they are less common due to higher costs.
Key Factors Across Seasons:
| Factor | Summer Impact | Winter Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Sunlight Hours | Longer days = increased output | Shorter days = reduced output |
| Solar Angle | Direct exposure | Low angle causes shading |
| Temperature | Slight efficiency loss | Cold improves efficiency |
Geographical latitude amplifies these effects, with higher latitudes experiencing more pronounced seasonal variation.
Original article by NenPower, If reposted, please credit the source: https://nenpower.com/blog/how-does-the-energy-output-of-solar-trackers-vary-by-season/
