The cost per cycle of lead-acid batteries compared to lithium-ion batteries is generally higher for lead-acid due to several factors:
- Lifespan and Cycles: Lithium-ion batteries have a significantly longer lifespan, often lasting 3,000 to 5,000 cycles or more, while lead-acid batteries typically last for 200-500 cycles. This longer lifespan means that lithium-ion batteries require fewer replacements over time.
- Depth of Discharge (DoD): Lithium-ion batteries can safely discharge up to 100% of their capacity without significantly affecting their lifespan, whereas lead-acid batteries should ideally not be discharged below 50% to maximize their lifespan. This means you may need more lead-acid batteries to achieve the same usable energy as a lithium-ion battery of equivalent capacity.
- Maintenance and Efficiency: Lithium-ion batteries require minimal maintenance and have higher efficiency rates compared to lead-acid batteries. Lead-acid batteries need regular maintenance, such as checking electrolyte levels, which adds to their overall cost.
- Total Cost of Ownership: Studies show that while lead-acid batteries may be cheaper initially, their total cost of ownership over time is significantly higher due to frequent replacements and maintenance. For example, one analysis suggests that lithium-ion batteries are about 2.8 times cheaper per usable kWh over their lifespan compared to lead-acid batteries.
Here’s a summary of key points:
| Feature | Lead-Acid | Lithium-Ion |
|---|---|---|
| Cycles | 200-500 | 3,000-5,000 |
| DoD | 50% | 100% |
| Lifespan | 3-5 years | 10+ years |
| Maintenance | High | Minimal |
| Initial Cost | Lower | Higher |
| Total Cost of Ownership | Higher | Lower |
Overall, while lead-acid batteries have a lower upfront cost, lithium-ion batteries offer better long-term cost savings due to their longer lifespan and more efficient operation.
Original article by NenPower, If reposted, please credit the source: https://nenpower.com/blog/how-does-the-cost-per-cycle-of-lead-acid-batteries-compare-to-lithium-ion-batteries/
