Sodium-ion batteries are generally considered to be more cost-effective than lithium-ion batteries, primarily due to the abundance and lower cost of sodium compared to lithium. The cost of manufacturing sodium-ion batteries is estimated to be around $50 per kilowatt-hour (kWh), which is lower than the $70 per kWh for lithium-ion batteries. Additionally, the raw materials for sodium-ion batteries, such as sodium carbonate, are significantly less expensive than lithium compounds like lithium carbonate. For example, sodium carbonate costs approximately $290 per metric ton, whereas lithium carbonate costs about $35,000 per metric ton. However, lithium-ion batteries currently offer higher energy density and longer cycle life, making them more suitable for applications requiring high performance. Despite these advantages, sodium-ion batteries are gaining attention for their potential in energy storage systems and may offer a more economical option for certain applications.
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