Altitude affects the range of electric vehicles (EVs) through its influence on air density and driving conditions.
At higher altitudes, the air density is lower, which reduces aerodynamic drag on the vehicle. This lower drag means the EV requires less energy to move through the air, potentially improving its range. Thus, generally, higher altitudes provide favorable conditions for EV driving from an aerodynamic perspective.
However, road conditions at higher elevations often counter this aerodynamic benefit. Snow, rain, and rough terrain increase rolling resistance—the force resisting the motion when a tire rolls on a surface. Increased rolling resistance demands more battery power and reduces the overall range.
Real-world reports from mountainous regions like the Alps and Rockies show that elevation climb and drop may only affect EV range by around 5%, suggesting the impact of altitude changes on range is modest but noticeable.
In summary, the effect of altitude on EV range balances between the positive impact of reduced air density and aerodynamic drag, and the negative impact of more challenging road conditions that increase rolling resistance. The net effect depends on the specific environment and driving circumstances at altitude.
Original article by NenPower, If reposted, please credit the source: https://nenpower.com/blog/how-does-altitude-affect-the-range-of-different-ev-models/
