When comparing the efficiency of string inverters and microinverters, several factors come into play:
- Basic Functionality: Both types of inverters convert DC (direct current) electricity from solar panels to AC (alternating current) that homes can use. However, they differ in how they process this conversion.
- String Inverters:
- Centralized Conversion: All panels are wired in strings, and their DC power is converted at a central location.
- Efficiency Impact: The output of the entire string is limited by the weakest link (i.e., the lowest-performing panel), which can reduce overall efficiency if there is shading or panel mismatch.
- Optimizers: Adding DC power optimizers can improve string inverter efficiency by optimizing each panel’s output before sending it to the central inverter.
- Microinverters:
- Module-Level Conversion: Each panel has its own microinverter, converting DC to AC independently at the panel level.
- Efficiency Advantages: Since each panel operates independently, microinverters are more efficient in scenarios with variable sunlight (e.g., shading) as they maximize output from each panel.
- Long-term Reliability: Microinverters generally have a higher reliability score and longer lifespan, typically warrantied for 25 years.
- Comparison:
- In full sunlight conditions, both systems perform similarly well. However, microinverters outperform string inverters in complex settings or when efficiency in variable conditions is crucial.
In summary, while both types can achieve high efficiency, microinverters excel in scenarios with potential shading or uneven sunlight by ensuring optimal performance from each panel individually. String inverters are more cost-effective but may require additional equipment (optimizers) to achieve similar performance in complex settings.
Original article by NenPower, If reposted, please credit the source: https://nenpower.com/blog/how-do-string-inverters-compare-to-microinverters-in-terms-of-efficiency/
