Quasi-solid-state batteries offer several advantages over traditional lithium-ion batteries, particularly in terms of safety and longevity.
Safety:
- Quasi-solid-state batteries incorporate a quasi-solid electrolyte, which significantly reduces the risk of electrolyte leakage—a common hazard in traditional lithium-ion batteries that use liquid electrolytes. This reduction in leakage risk leads to much better thermal stability and lowers the chance of dangerous thermal runaway events, which can cause fires or explosions.
- Experiments have shown that quasi-solid batteries maintain improved thermal stability at high temperatures (~150°C), with very low heat generation from side reactions even under stress, pointing to superior safety margins compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries.
Longevity:
- Quasi-solid batteries demonstrate improved cycle performance with minimal change in internal resistance over numerous charge/discharge cycles. This indicates enhanced long-term durability and lifespan compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries.
- The technology enables the use of pure lithium metal anodes, which have a higher specific capacity than conventional anode materials, contributing to higher energy density and potentially longer-lasting battery performance.
- Comparatively, solid-state batteries (which are closely related to quasi-solid-state designs) can be charged up to five times more over their lifecycle than conventional lithium-ion batteries, suggesting a considerable improvement in longevity.
Additional Performance Benefits:
- Quasi-solid-state batteries offer higher ionic conductivity, which can enhance charge/discharge rates while maintaining safety and lifespan.
- They provide a balance of the high energy density seen in solid-state batteries with the safety and stability improvements over traditional lithium-ion batteries.
Summary Comparison:
| Feature | Traditional Lithium-ion Batteries | Quasi-Solid-State Batteries |
|---|---|---|
| Electrolyte | Liquid electrolyte (risk of leakage) | Quasi-solid electrolyte (reduces leakage risk) |
| Safety | Moderate; risk of thermal runaway | Superior thermal stability; lower thermal runaway risk |
| Cycle Life / Longevity | Limited by electrolyte degradation and resistance growth | Improved cycle performance; minimal resistance changes |
| Energy Density | Moderate | Higher, partly due to pure lithium metal anode use |
| Thermal Stability | Lower at high temperatures | Maintains stability even at ~150°C |
| Charging Speed | Slower, riskier at high rates | Improved ionic conductivity may allow faster charging |
In conclusion, quasi-solid-state batteries provide enhanced safety profiles and longer operational lifespans compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries, making them promising candidates for next-generation energy storage solutions in applications like electric vehicles and portable electronics.
Original article by NenPower, If reposted, please credit the source: https://nenpower.com/blog/how-do-quasi-solid-batteries-compare-to-traditional-lithium-ion-batteries-in-terms-of-safety-and-longevity/
