Perovskite solar cells have shown impressive performance in various weather conditions due to their efficiency and low temperature coefficient. However, they face challenges in terms of stability under extreme conditions. Here’s an overview of their performance in such environments:
Performance Under Extreme Temperatures
- Efficiency and Temperature Coefficient: Perovskite solar cells have a high efficiency close to 30% and a temperature coefficient of about -0.13%/°C, indicating they maintain a good performance in extreme temperatures compared to other thin-film solar cells like CdTe or CIGS.
- High and Low Temperatures: Studies have explored the performance of perovskite cells between -160°C and 150°C. This research shows that while perovskite lattice strain and structure can be recoverable, phase transitions and crystal disordering occur under extreme temperatures. In practical applications, perovskites are exposed to temperatures ranging from -40°C to 100°C, depending on geographical conditions, which can cause thermal stress affecting their durability.
Challenges Due to Weather Conditions
- Thermal Stress: Thermal stress is identified as a key factor in perovskite solar cell degradation. Different layers within the cell expand and contract at varying rates with temperature changes, leading to reduced contact and efficiency over time.
- Moisture and Humidity: Prolonged exposure to moisture and humidity also contributes to degradation. Protective coatings have been developed to enhance stability against these environmental factors.
Advances in Stability
- Protective Coatings: Recent advancements include the use of amidinium-based protective layers, which significantly improve the cells’ resistance to thermal stress and environmental degradation. This innovation has extended the lifespan of perovskite solar cells, making them more viable for practical applications.
In summary, while perovskite solar cells show promising performance under extreme temperatures due to their efficiency and temperature coefficient, they still face challenges related to stability and durability. Ongoing research focuses on improving these aspects through better material engineering and protective coatings.
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