Different climates significantly impact the driving range of electric vehicles (EVs), primarily due to temperature variations and other environmental factors.
Impact of Temperature
- Cold Weather: Cold temperatures reduce EV range by approximately 25% when cruising at moderate speeds like 70 mph compared to mild weather. The energy required to warm the cabin and maintain battery efficiency in cold conditions accounts for this reduction. In extremely cold weather, the range can be reduced by up to 50%.
- Warm and Hot Weather: High temperatures, especially above 95°F (35°C), can also decrease an EV’s range by up to 15%. This is because high heat increases battery degradation and cooling needs.
Other Climatic Factors
- Air Resistance: In addition to temperature, climatic factors like headwinds and tailwinds play a crucial role. Headwinds increase air resistance, requiring more energy and reducing range, while tailwinds can improve efficiency.
- Road Conditions: Icy roads and wet conditions increase rolling resistance, requiring more power and decreasing range. Even when driving at slower speeds for safety, these conditions can lead to less efficient energy use.
Summary
| Climate Condition | Effect on EV Range |
|---|---|
| Cold Weather | Range reduction (25% to 50%) |
| Warm/Hot Weather | Range reduction (up to 15%) |
| Wind and Road Conditions | Increased resistance and rolling resistance; range reduction |
Overall, optimal driving conditions for EVs are typically found in mild temperatures, smoother road conditions, and favorable wind conditions.
Original article by NenPower, If reposted, please credit the source: https://nenpower.com/blog/how-do-different-climates-affect-the-driving-range-of-evs/
