Pumped hydro storage (PHS) plays a crucial role in helping countries achieve net zero targets by addressing several key challenges associated with integrating renewable energy sources into the grid. Here’s how it contributes:
Key Contributions of Pumped Hydro Storage
- Balancing Renewable Energy Sources: PHS helps stabilize the grid by compensating for the intermittent nature of solar and wind energy. It can store excess energy during periods of high renewable production and release it during low production periods, ensuring a constant supply of electricity.
- Long-Duration Energy Storage: PHS is the most established long-duration energy storage technology, providing more than 90% of the world’s installed storage capacity. This capability is crucial for supporting the integration of variable renewables into the energy grid.
- Grid Stability and Flexibility: By offering support services like frequency response and operating reserves, PHS enhances the overall stability of the electricity system. This flexibility allows for efficient grid management under varying conditions.
- Economic Benefits: Investing in PHS can lead to significant economic savings. For instance, a study found that expanding PHS capacity in the UK could save up to £690 million annually by reducing the need for more expensive generation technologies.
- Environmental Impact: PHS uses water as its primary fluid, reducing environmental impacts compared to battery storage, which relies on materials like lithium. However, large reservoirs can alter landscapes and ecosystems, so careful planning is necessary.
Conclusion
Pumped hydro storage is a vital technology for achieving net zero targets by providing large-scale energy storage, supporting grid stability, and enabling the efficient integration of renewable energy sources into the power grid.
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