Yes, several new materials and technologies are being developed to enhance thermal safety in lithium-ion batteries:
New Materials and Technologies
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Safety Reinforcement Layer (SRL):
- Development: LG Chem has introduced the SRL, a metal composite material designed to prevent thermal runaway in batteries. It works by automatically stopping electrical flow when temperatures rise above a certain threshold, effectively preventing fires.
- Application: The SRL is placed between the cathode and collector in batteries.
- Testing: The material has shown promising results during real-world tests, such as preventing fires when batteries are hammered or crushed.
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Thermal-Switching Material:
- Research: Researchers from Tsinghua University and Zhejiang University have developed a thermal-switching material that regulates temperature inside battery cells. It is composed of microspheres embedded between graphene layers, which expand when heated to disrupt heat transport.
- Function: This material acts as a thermal regulator by transforming from a conductive state to an insulating state in response to temperature changes, preventing explosions.
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Flame-Retardant Composite Phase Change Materials (CPCMs):
- Innovation: Some studies have introduced CPCMs, such as those made from paraffin, expanded graphite, and chitosan. These materials are designed to enhance thermal management and safety in lithium-ion batteries by absorbing heat and preventing fires.
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AS27-s Insulation Material:
- Features: AS27-s is a composite material made from porous silica, alumina, and other components. It has extremely low thermal conductivity and can withstand high temperatures, acting as a thermal barrier in battery packs to prevent the spread of thermal runaway.
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