Innovative technologies and operational strategies are being actively developed to improve the round-trip efficiency of pumped hydroelectric energy storage (PHS), which traditionally ranges between 70% and 85%.
Technological Innovations
- Adjustable-speed pump-turbines: These allow variable speed operation of pumps and turbines, enabling more efficient energy conversion and better adaptation to grid demands, thus improving round-trip efficiency beyond traditional fixed-speed units.
- Digitalization and advanced controls: Incorporating sensors, digital control systems, and real-time monitoring enhances operational flexibility, optimizes turbine and pump performance, and reduces losses by dynamically adjusting operations to grid conditions, improving overall efficiency.
- Hybrid systems integration: Combining PHS with variable renewable energy (VRE) sources like wind and solar in hybrid configurations supports better utilization of renewable generation and smoother grid balancing, increasing the effective efficiency of energy storage and discharge cycles.
- Retrofit and modernization: Upgrading existing PHS facilities with modern turbines, generators with current-controlled rotors, and improved hydraulic equipment reduces mechanical and electrical losses, thereby enhancing efficiency.
Operational Innovations
- Flexible operation modes: Advanced PHS systems now provide fast response and flexible ramping to support grid stability services such as frequency regulation and black start capabilities, optimizing energy usage and improving the efficiency of energy cycles.
- Regulatory frameworks and incentives: Encouragement of flexible PHS operation through policy and market mechanisms incentivizes operators to optimize round-trip efficiency and integrate innovations effectively.
Outlook
- As of 2018, installed PHS capacity was 161 GW with expectations to double by 2050, driven by innovations in technology and operation that improve the economic viability and round-trip efficiency of PHS.
- Prize-winning research and development projects in the United States and globally continue to push the envelope in PHS technology to enhance efficiency and grid integration.
In summary, a combination of variable-speed technology, digitalization, hybrid integration with renewables, retrofits, and flexible operational strategies are key innovative approaches currently being developed to improve round-trip efficiency of pumped hydroelectric energy storage systems.
Original article by NenPower, If reposted, please credit the source: https://nenpower.com/blog/are-there-any-innovative-technologies-being-developed-to-improve-the-round-trip-efficiency-of-pumped-hydroelectric-energy-storage/
